Anode

1. High Activity : Fast reaction rate, low overpotential
– Reduced activation energy : Nickel-iron is one of the best catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline environments. Iron adjusts the electronic structure of nickel, contributing to lowering the activation energy of the oxygen evolution reaction.

2. Nano-porous structure
– Large surface area : The three-dimensional porous structure of nickel-iron foam provides a very large surface area. This offers more reaction sites, greatly increasing the efficiency of the oxygen evolution reaction.
– Easy bubble removal : The nano-porous structure provides pathways for bubbles to move quickly, reducing the time bubbles stay on the catalyst surface.

3. High Stability
– Electrochemical Stability : The nickel-iron alloy possesses high electrochemical stability, which helps maintain catalyst performance even at high current densities.
– Structural Robustness : The foam structure has high mechanical strength, allowing it to withstand physical stress during stack assembly and gas evolution reactions.